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Integrating crowd-behavior modeling into military simulation using game technology

Old Dominion University, USA, fmckenzi{at}ece.odu.edu

Mikel D. Petty

University of Alabama in Huntsville, USA, pettym{at}uah.edu

Paul A. Kruszewski

GRIP Entertainment, Canada, paul.kruszewski{at}gripentertainment.com

Ryland C. Gaskins

Old Dominion University, USA, rgaskins{at}odu.edu

Quynh-Anh H. Nguyen

Old Dominion University, USA, qnguyen{at}werneranderson.com

Jennifer Seevinck

Old Dominion University, USA, jseevinc{at}odu.edu

Eric W. Weisel

WernerAnderson, USA, eweisel{at}werneranderson.com

Crowds of noncombatants play a large and increasingly recognized role in modern military operations and often create substantial difficulties for the combatant forces involved. However, realistic models of crowds are essentially absent from current military simulations. To address this problem, the authors are developing a crowd simulation capable of generating crowds of noncombatant civilians that exhibit a variety of realistic individual and group behaviors at differing levels of fidelity. The crowd simulation is interoperable with existing military simulations using a standard, distributed simulation architecture. Commercial game technology is used in the crowd simulation to model both urban terrain and the physical behaviors of the human characters that make up the crowd. The objective of this article is to present the design and development process of a simulation that integrates commercially available game technology with current military simulations to generate realistic and believable crowd behavior.

Key Words: AI • commercial game technology • Crowd Federate • crowd modeling capability • crowd models • crowd simulation • design • development • distributed simulation • fidelity • game AI • human behavior models • integration • military simulation • noncombatant crowds • realism • tactical training applications • simulation architecture

This version was published on March 1, 2008

Simulation & Gaming, Vol. 39, No. 1, 10-38 (2008)
DOI: 10.1177/1046878107308092


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